TheUnited States Insitute of Peace was created by the US congress as a federally funded presscreatingworks toprevent and resolve global conflict by providing education and resources to work towards peace.
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Toubkal is a publishing house established in Morocco, Casablanca, created in 1985.They have more than 500 titles.
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David Harrison has contributed to the academic study of tourism over the last thirty years. This book brings together a collection of his published material that reflects the role played by tourism in 'development,' both in societies emerging from Western colonialism and in societies previously part of the Soviet system. The overarching theme looks at how promoted as a tool for development, tourism can lead to conflict between competing elites, but can also empower groups previously subject to constraint by traditional authorities. Tradition is intensely manipulatable and always reflects power relations. Such pressure on tradition is but one aspect of tourism's wider social impacts, which include changes in economic and social structure which, for many, constitute social problems which need to be addressed. At the same time, 'sustainability,' though apparently a worthy aim, can be a problematic concept, especially when applied to 'traditional' cultures, and may conflict with such ideals as egalitarianism.
Tourism in European Microstates and Dependencies carefully examines the nuances and realities associated with tourism, social and economic development, geography, and geopolitics of Europe's smallest microstates and dependencies. Through case study-based material, the book covers the smallest states of Europe, the European dependencies inside Europe, and other unique territorial anomalies and unrecognized de facto states. It looks at how, besides small size and economy of scale, one of the characteristics that connects these unique states and territories is their dependence on tourism, or their desire to develop it, for their socio-economic well-being. This book provides a thorough overview of tourism-related challenges and opportunities associated with smallness/scale, limited population size, economic development, cross-border cooperation (dependency) with larger neighbour states, relationships with the European Union, geopolitical challenges, questions of sovereignty, vulnerability, and touristic importance on the world stage. It provides a comprehensive examination of the smallest states and state-like entities in Europe. It examines the social, economic, and political importance of tourism in some of the smallest countries and territories in the world. It is the first book of its kind to look systematically at small, yet extremely important, areas of Europe from tourism, socio-economic, and geopolitical perspectives. Coverage includes Andorra, Liechtenstein, Monaco, San Marino, the Vatican City, Åland, Akrotiri and Dhekelia, the Faroe Islands, Gibraltar, Guernsey, Isle of Man, Jersey, Svalbard, Llívia, Campione d'Italia, Transnistria, Abkhazia, and South Ossetia, as well as several other enclaves, autonomous areas, and unrecognized 'micro-nations'. This book will be an invaluable resource for post-graduate students and research scholars in the areas of tourism, geography, political science, and European studies.
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Despite the significance of tourism to the economic, social and environmental structures of Central and South America, little has been documented in the English literature about tourism in this sub-region, which in terms of population size, ranks fourth in the world with 652 million inhabitants. The first of its kind, this book focuses exclusively on tourism development, planning and their impacts in a wide number of Central and South American countries. It covers experiences, challenges, successful and unsuccessful stories, specific cases, and other tourism related issues of twelve countries in total. Each chapter is authored by scholars who have done extensive research on tourism in the countries covered. This book:Examines the impact of tourism development and planning within Latin American countries.Takes a multidisciplinary approach including Anthropology, Development, Economics, Ecology, Policy, Sociology and Tourism Planning and Management.Is the first book in English to offer an insight into extensive research undertaken within the region.This book will provide a valuable insight for tourism researchers, practitioners and decision-makers in private and public organisations, not only from the regions of Central, South and North America, but also individuals from other parts of the world who want a more encompassing view of global tourism. Table of contents Chapter 1: Strategies for regional tourism development in Argentina. A path with new initiatives for tourism dispersal policies Chapter 2: The commitment to sustainable tourism and the development of indigenous tourism in Chile Chapter 3: Tourism development in Colombia: between conflict and peace Chapter 4: Ecotourism development in Costa Rica Chapter 5: The challenges of natural and cultural heritages of Galapagos and Quito, Ecuador Chapter 6: Tourism development in Mexico Chapter 7: Panama, the "affordable exotic destination": planned tourism success and its unplanned consequences Chapter 8: The impacts of tourism in economic growth and development in Uruguay Chapter 9: Peru and Nicaragua: tourism development in postconflict eras Chapter 10: Ecuador and Panama: Lifestyle mobilities, the golden years and the quest for paradise
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The remarkable growth in religious tourism across the world has generated considerable interest in the impacts of this type of tourism. Focusing here on environmental issues, this book moves beyond the documentation of environmental impacts to examine in greater depth the intersections between religious tourism and the environment. Beginning with an in-depth introduction that highlights the intersections between religion, tourism, and the environment, the book then focuses on the environment as a resource or generator for religious tourism and the environment as a recipient of impacts of religious tourism. Chapters included discuss such important areas as disease, environmental responsibility and host perspectives. Covering as many cultural and environmental regions as possible, this book provides: An in-depth, yet holistic view of the relationships between religious tourism and the environment; A conceptual framework that goes beyond listing potential environment impacts; A strong focus on explaining the universality of the deeper environmental issues surrounding sacredness and sacred places. From a global writing team and featuring case studies spanning Europe and Asia, this book will be of great interest to researchers and students of tourism and religious studies, as well as those studying environmental issues.
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This book: - comprises reflective essays written by internationally-ranked scholars and tourism consultants with extensive experience, particularly in the developing world countries - considers extant themes, issues and challenges related to tourism and development - offers a critical and contemporary perspective on tourism's significance and role in development.
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Vietnam has experienced rapid growth within its tourism industry during the past decades. This growth is part of Vietnam's opening economy allowing a wide range of forms of tourism. Vietnam Tourism: Policies and Practices provides a comprehensive review of tourism development in Vietnam. Part I outlines the history of tourism, the role and involvement of public and private sectors in governance and planning, and the markets for tourism. Part II offers analysis and assessment of various types of tourism in Vietnam, including marine and island, eco, heritage, dark and community-based tourism. Part III centres on current operational issues of tourism, hotels and events. The book provides an up-to-date analysis on Vietnamese tourism policy, structure, governance, and operations as well as various forms of tourism from both a theoretical and practical perspective by: providing a comprehensive review in a single resource; outlining public and private sector tourism; addressing Vietnamese structure, governance and planning of tourism; examining special interest tourism; · addressing current issues of industry's operations and management; embracing local and global perspectives; principles and practices applicable to Southeast Asia. Written by scholars with extensive research experience on tourism in Vietnam this book is a reliable source of reference for students, researchers and industry practitioners who are interested modern tourism specifically in Vietnam and Southeast Asia.
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Gateway communities that neighbour parks and protected areas are impacted by tourism, while facing unique circumstances related to protected area management. Economic dependency remains a serious challenge for these communities, especially in a climate of neoliberalism, top-down policy environments, and park closures related to environmental degradation or government budgets. The collection of works in this edited book provide bottom-up, informed, and nuanced approaches to tourism management using local experiences from gateway communities and protected areas management emerging from a decade of guidelines, rulemaking, and exclusive decision-making. Global perspectives are presented and contextualized at the local level of gateway communities in an attempt to balance nature, community, and commerce, while supporting the triple bottom line of sustainable tourism. While anticipating a post-COVID 19 global shift, readers are encouraged to think through transformation and resiliency in regard to how the flux of supply vs demand alters gateway community perspectives on tourism. Specific features of this book include: · Focus on transformations, which provides insight into the complex and dynamic nature of gateway communities. · Multidisciplinary, multi-cultural insights into protected area management. · Applied and conceptual chapters from global perspectives.
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Three decades ago, the hypermobility of tourists from the days before the global pandemic was truly unthinkable in Eastern Europe. The borders were closed and the region isolated from the rest of the world. Despite an extraordinary transformation of tourism in the area since, Eastern Europe remains under-explored in tourism studies. This book fills the gap by outlining contemporary strategies for tourism development in post-socialist countries, considering the opportunities and challenges as well as the initiatives and approaches to sustainability. Reviewing tourism development and planning across Albania, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czechia, Estonia, Latvia, Poland and Romania, this book: - Offers a contemporary and insightful outlook of Eastern Europe tourism, with a wide range of case studies from inter-disciplinary and single-disciplinary perspectives; - Uses varied methodological approaches and research methods, including in-depth interviews, focus groups, informal conversations, document analysis, netnography, questionnaires and secondary data, to form an interesting and diverse treatise; - Considers post-COVID tourism and the significant role of tourism stakeholders in its re-development. Illuminating the various economic, socio-cultural and environmental impacts that tourism has created, this book is a valuable reference for researchers and students of tourism and related disciplines, as well as anyone interested in the development of Eastern Europe.
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For many decades, Western European countries have undertaken diverse pathways in tourism development and planning. Most have experienced fast or even unlimited growth, resulting in overtourism and, now, the introduction of policies that respect the limits of communities and the sustainability of their resources. Focusing exclusively on tourism development, planning and policy, this book draws together new voices to discuss issues across Belgium, Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, France, Germany, Greenland, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Malta, Norway, Portugal, Spain, Sweden and the UK. It: - Provides both successful and unsuccessful case studies to illuminate real, practical solutions, developed by tourism scholars who are experts in their researched context countries. - Adopts a range of methodological approaches to cover diverse and less-covered areas such as industrial tourism, saltpans, natural and cultural heritage, and micro-destinations. - Considers post-COVID tourism and the significant role of tourism stakeholders in Western Europe's re-development. An invaluable collection for policy-makers, researchers and academics, this book is also an insightful source of engaging contemporary case studies for use in the classroom.
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Sustainable Tourism in the Americas introduces the reader to the establishment of sustainable tourism across the region. It examines questions such as 'what is really meant by sustainable tourism?' Covered in eight chapters, the book discusses the evolution and application of the concept in the Americas from its origins as well as documenting established success stories of sustainable tourism policy and implementation from several countries in the Americas. The country and regional case studies critically examine what sustainable tourism means in their destination and address how in practice the concept of sustainability can be built to show results across different cultural and ecological situations ranging from local indigenous sites to urban environments. The book presents solid findings and includes content from: · research of academics and experiences of those working within the heritage setting; · recent criteria and indicators of sustainable tourism developed by GSTC and other standards, indicators and observatories work associated with UNWTO; · success stories of managing Western tourism destinations and applies relevant lessons to Americas; · Provides support to those who need to study and manage impacted destinations. It will be a valuable addition to the current lack of literature on this concept and of particular interest to those working within and studying tourism management and related themes.
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In recent years there has been a growth in both the practice and research of dark tourism; the phenomenon of visiting sites of tragedy or disaster. Expanding on this trend, this book examines dark tourism through the new lens of pilgrimage. It focuses on dark tourism sites as pilgrimage destinations, dark tourists as pilgrims, and pilgrimage as a form of dark tourism. Taking a broad definition of pilgrimage so as to consider aspects of both religious and non-religious travel that might be considered pilgrimage-like, it covers theories and histories of dark tourism and pilgrimage, pilgrimage to dark tourism sites, and experience design. A key resource for researchers and students of heritage, tourism and pilgrimage, this book will also be of great interest to those studying anthropology, religious studies and related social science subjects.
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This book is a timely re-assessment of the increasing connections between management of diversity and religious tourism and secular spaces on a global stage. Including a range of contemporary case studies, it is a valuable resource for researchers and practitioners in tourism management, pilgrimage and religious tourism.
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Tourism and Leisure Behaviour in an Ageing World, based on Ian Patterson's previously published Growing Older, provides an overview of the latest research concerning tourist behaviour and leisure needs of baby boomers, seniors, and older adults. With an increasingly ageing population, industry interest has intensified and there has been a corresponding explosion in related research activity. Covering marketplace trends that attract the older market, this new edition: - Provides an understanding of the older tourism and leisure market, discussing how to effectively provide for this expanding group; - Discusses growing areas such as independent travel, the leisure experience, cultural and heritage tourism, cruises, and health and wellness tourism; - Supplies case studies of tourism and leisure organizations successfully catering to the needs of the older market. This book is an invaluable resource for researchers and students interested in senior leisure and travel, a section with the money and the time to invest heavily in leisure and tourism activities. It can also be applied by professionals to improve their product offerings for this sector, which, while valuable, brings its own unique challenges.
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The nexus of human mobility and communication is intricate, and this volume uncovers the deep-rooted significance of tourism and media . From antiquity to modern day, Western communication systems have artfully crafted the allure of destinations, making places irresistible to the travellers. At its core, this book proposes that the impetus for travel is a primal human necessity, rooted in our inherent need for movement, consciousness expansion, and cultural development. Featuring Greek civilization as a case study, the book reveals how the rich cultural capital of modern Greece, long admired and assimilated by many global cultures, has immensely contributed to Greece's contemporary tourism "imaginary". Readers are challenged to look beyond prevailing practices where tourism management and marketing are the driving force for commercial exchange, but to encompass its broader essence as a vital human function, leading to richer experiences. Drawing on theory from communication studies, social psychology, social anthropology, cultural and tourism studies the book is: · an historical panorama, exploring how communication has continually influenced the allure of tourist destinations · an overview of philosophical essence of tourism as a basic human need intertwined with consciousness expansion. · written in an engaging style to stimulate thought in current issues around the tourism industry It will be of interest to academics within areas related to tourism studies, mobility studies, mass media, communication and cultural studies.
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The Asia-Pacific area is notable as one of the fastest growing tourism regions and not surprisingly, tourism in this region has become the major driver of global tourism in general. Nonetheless, tourism industries in Asia Pacific has been challenged in recent years by a number of major crises and disasters including terrorism, outbreaks (e.g. SARS and Bird Flu), natural disasters (e.g. tsunamis, bushfires, flooding), and political crisis (e.g. protests and political instability).The aim of this book is to contribute to the understanding of crisis and disaster management generally, but with a specific focus on the Asia Pacific. With chapters contributed by international scholars and practitioners, this book discusses both the theoretical and practical approaches toward successful crisis and disaster management.
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The expansion of mass tourism is becoming highly unpopular and 'tourism-phobia', often expressed in the form of anti-tourism marches, is spreading across various destinations. In light of this, there is a paradigm shift from 'tourism growth' to 'tourism degrowth' through a desire for a drastic transformation of the tourism industry. Degrowth is a key strategy to balance tourism growth. It works to ensure that the direction of institutional change and the orientation of technological development are controlled and in harmony with the environment. Degrowth involves people whose use of personal time enhances the richness of the experience through traveling less, more slowly and using low carbon options, taking time to support the environment, the local economy and to explore the local culture. This book addresses the paucity of combined research on tourism and degrowth by presenting emergent knowledge and research on this increasingly important concept. In this book: - The core theme of degrowth from a tourism perspective is outlined. - Content is enriched with contributions from multi-disciplinary academics from around the World. - Theory is put in to practice via international case studies. Due to the multidisciplinary nature of the book, the contents will appeal to researchers and postgraduates studying tourism, environmental studies, geography, planning and development and other related disciplines.
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Tourism resources - the availability and sustainability of the supplies tourism relies on - have long been a topic of interest for the industry. Often, however, they are considered in silo. There is a key need now for the development of a conceptual framework for resource analysis, integrating all aspects of social, cultural and natural resources, as well as the importance of local conditions. In this way, tourism can be generated that is both productive and sustainable. Based on and beginning with Norwegian scholar Sondre Svalastog's conceptual and theoretical work, this book introduces a selection of new case studies exemplifying the usefulness of this approach and bringing it into the English language for the tourism industry as a whole. This book: - Reviews local conditions and resources, climate change concerns, and the differences between types of tourist attracted to particular regions; - Considers how best to maximise potential and production, ensuring that both the host community and tourists benefit; - Provides a wide-ranging selection of case studies covering topics such as urban heritage, national parks and niche, location-specific tourism products. In a constantly changing world where the tourist industry is large and economically important, tourism research needs to be in a process of constant renewal of risk analysis, oriented towards society, culture and nature at the same time. To ensure sound planning within the industry, this book promotes the need for research-based knowledge, for both tourism researchers and students.
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The links between islands and tourism, as sights of pleasure is embodied in the touristification of sun, sand and sea. Islandscapes are central to the tourist imaginaries that shape islands as touristified places - curated, designed and commodified for both mass tourism and more niche inclined versions. Yet while islands are parlayed for touristic pleasure seekers, islands are also home to longstanding communities that have variously battled with the tyranny of distance from metropolitan centres, as well as the everyday challenges of climate change effects, and benefitted from their isolation from modern-day pressures. To what extent are islandscapes resilient to rapidly changing utilities, significances and ways of life wrought by tourism expansion? The vulnerability-resilience duality remains firmly entrenched in the discourse on islands where tourism has become prominent. Although tourism provides some resiliency, overall, islandscapes remain subject to externally driven fast and slow change that exercises an overwhelming influence. This anthology of articles previously published in the journal Shima explores emergent themes that describe how island peoples adapt and respond in localised cultural islandscapes as a consequence of tourism expansion. It is aimed at researchers in island studies, tourism, sustainability, human geography, cultural studies, sociology and anthropology. The anthology will also be of interest to those with an abiding interest in the trajectories of islands and their peoples, particularly where tourism has come to shape islandscapes.
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The effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the global tourism industry were unprecedented. International travel fell by 72% in 2020, the worst year on record for tourism. Tourism operations, from family businesses to national tourism organizations all faced potential economic ruin. They had to adapt their business practices and adopt new ways of operating, in order to work around ever-changing restrictions. This book is comprised of chapters and case studies previously published by CABI, that deal with the impacts of, and responses to, the COVID-19 pandemic, along with specially written introductory and concluding chapters that provide context. It provides invaluable snapshots of reactions to the pandemic from individuals and organizations involved in a variety of forms of tourism. Many authors have included postscripts, to record or update their views following the end of the pandemic. Key themes and issues addressed include: anticipation of and preparedness for the pandemic, the scale of the problem, the adjustments made during the pandemic, likely future directions of change and the implications for sustainability. The book is a useful resource for researchers, students and practitioners in tourism, hospitality and related disciplines.
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Literary tourism is a nascent field in tourism studies, yet tourists often travel in the footsteps of well-known authors and stories. Providing a wide-ranging cornucopia of literary tourism topics, this book fully explores the interconnections between the written word and travel. It includes tourism stories using guidebooks, films, television and electronic media, and recognises that stories, texts and narratives, even if they cannot be classified as traditional travel writing, can become journeys in themselves and take us on imaginary voyages. Furthermore, the book: - Provides a grounding in the theoretical perspectives on literature and the tourist experience; - Explores practical applications of literary tourism, such as destination promotion and creation, responsible tourism and learning benefits; - Uses global case studies to study literary tourism in action. Appealing to a wide audience of different disciplines, it encompasses subjects such as business literary writing, historical journeys and the poetry of Dylan Thomas. The use of these different perspectives demonstrates how heavily and widely literature influences travel, tourists and tourism, making it an important read for researchers and students of tourism, social science and literature.
